Missouri鈥檚 first-ever regulated black bear hunt begins Monday after decades of efforts to rebuild the population.
But critics say the bear hunt only benefits a small group of people interested in recreational trophy gathering.
鈥淎 lot of hunters don鈥檛 even eat bear meat,鈥� says Sophia Ressler, staff attorney for the carnivore conservation program. 鈥淭hey do these hunts for bear skin rugs and mounting heads on the wall.鈥�
The , which is running the hunt, estimates there are around 800 black bears in Missouri.
Laura Conlee, a bear biologist at the department, says that Missouri鈥檚 bear population is growing at around 9% annually. At that pace, they estimate the bear population would double by 2030.
鈥淎nd with that, when we looked at the bear population, we determined it's reached levels where it can sustain a limited and highly regulated harvest,鈥� Conlee said.
Ressler is skeptical of those numbers.
鈥淭heirs is a total estimate,鈥� she says. 鈥淚t鈥檚 very difficult for these agencies in states that have black bears to get exact black bear populations.鈥�
Missouri issued 400 permits for the hunting season, randomly selected from 6,000 applicants who paid $10 apiece.
鈥淚t is not a trophy season,鈥� Conlee says. 鈥淭here is an expectation that the meat is used. So we have rules within the code, or wildlife code, that require the hunters to retrieve those commonly edible portions.鈥�
This year鈥檚 hunt is scheduled for 10 days, but the state set a quota of 40 bears. If the hunters report hitting that limit before Oct. 28, the hunt would stop.
The Missouri Department of Conversation limits hunters to one bear per permit. Only lone bears may be hunted; bears that are in the presence of other bears or cubs are off-limits.
The state also requires bears be tele-checked 鈥� that is, they have to be reported by phone before 10 p.m. the day of the kill.
Nicole Cordano, a campaign director with Bear Defenders, says that鈥檚 the problem with reporting kills. She says there鈥檚 no real verification of the number of bears hunted 鈥� it鈥檚 all the honor system.
鈥淭hat brings up a lot of concerns,鈥� she says. 鈥淗ow are you going to regulate the number of bears being killed if you鈥檝e sold 400 permits and you鈥檙e only supposed to kill 40 bears?鈥�
Overkilling is a major risk because bears reproduce slowly. Missouri鈥檚 bear population was decimated in the early 20th century by logging and unregulated hunting. After reintroduction efforts in Arkansas, bears have slowly trickled back into the state.
鈥淵ou鈥檙e talking about 100 years, and there鈥檚 only between 540 and 800 bears,鈥� Cordano says.
In Florida, Cordano says her organization was successful in halting bear hunts after its first season. She鈥檚 hoping they can get enough signatures on their petition at to halt the hunts after this year.
Conlee says future permit numbers and quotas for future bear hunts in Missouri will be determined by the .
Correction: A previous version of this story incorrectly stated the number of hunting permit applicants. the correct number is 6,000. The headline has also been updated.